Moorish Architecture

Moorish architecture refers to the architectural style that developed in the Western Islamic world during the period of Moorish rule (8th to 15th centuries) in Spain, North Africa, and parts of Portugal. It is known for its unique and distinctive characteristics. Here are some key features of Moorish architecture:

  1. Islamic Influences: Moorish architecture is deeply rooted in Islamic architectural traditions. It incorporates elements from the broader Islamic architectural vocabulary, including geometric patterns, calligraphy, and intricate ornamentation.
  2. Arches and Vaults: Moorish architecture prominently features horseshoe arches, pointed arches, and polylobed arches. These arches create a sense of height and elegance. Vaults, such as the muqarnas (stalactite) vaults, are also common and are used to embellish ceilings and domes.
  3. Ornamentation: Elaborate and intricate ornamentation is a hallmark of Moorish architecture. It includes geometric patterns, interlacing designs, arabesques, and intricate tile work known as zellige. The use of colorful glazed tiles is particularly notable, often creating intricate mosaic-like patterns.
  4. Courtyards: Central courtyards, known as patios or courtyards of the Lions, are a defining feature of Moorish architecture. These courtyards serve as open-air spaces, often adorned with gardens, fountains, and reflecting pools. They provide light, ventilation, and a sense of tranquility.
  5. Domed and Vaulted Spaces: Moorish architecture utilizes domes and vaults to create grand and impressive interior spaces. The domes often feature intricate patterns and calligraphy, while the vaults can be decorated with muqarnas or other ornamentation.
  6. Minarets: Many Moorish buildings include minarets, which are tall towers used for the Islamic call to prayer. These towers are often slender and can feature decorative elements such as arches, tiles, and calligraphy.
  7. Use of Water: Water is an essential element in Moorish architecture, symbolizing purity and providing a sense of tranquility. Fountains, reflecting pools, and water channels (known as canals or rills) are common features, often incorporated into courtyards and gardens.
  8. Adaptation to Climate: Moorish architecture exhibits a response to the local climate. The use of shaded courtyards, water features, and the orientation of buildings to capture breezes are examples of how the architecture is adapted to the hot and dry Mediterranean climate.

These characteristics collectively contribute to the unique and enchanting aesthetic of Moorish architecture, which continues to be admired and studied today.

Photo by piet theisohn from Wikimedia Commons
Medina Azahara | Cordoba, Spain
Photo by Shesmax from Wikimedia Commons
Hall of the Ambassadors in the Alhambra | Granada, Spain
Photo by Zaineb Hachami, from Wikimedia Commons
Real Alcázar de Sevilla | Seville, Andalusia
Photo by Turol Jones from Wikimedia Commons
Castillo de Molina de Aragón | Molina de Aragón, Castille-La Mancha
Photo by Tuxyso / Wikimedia Commons / CC-BY-SA-3.0
Patio de los Leones, Alhambra | Granada, Spain

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